Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is an inflammatory condition that affects children and can cause pain, stiffness, and reduced joint movement. When inflammation involves the feet and ankles, children may experience swollen and tender joints, difficulty walking, and reduced participation in play or sports. Foot and ankle disability can develop when inflammation affects joint function and changes normal movement. Risk factors may include immune system dysfunction, family history of autoimmune disease, and genetic influences. Early evaluation can protect mobility and quality of life.

A podiatrist starts by examining the child’s feet, ankles, footwear, and activity level. The examination may include a gait assessment and review of medical information from the child’s healthcare team. If additional support is needed, custom foot orthotics may be recommended. These devices are designed around the child’s foot structure and symptoms. Orthotics can help stabilize the feet, distribute weight more evenly, and support comfortable movement during activities.

For children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, properly fitted orthotics may reduce mechanical stress around painful areas and improve how forces move through the feet and ankles. Better pressure distribution can make walking more comfortable and may reduce strain associated with swollen and tender lower joints. Orthotics do not treat the underlying inflammation, but they can complement medical care by supporting mobility and function. A podiatrist may also recommend supportive shoes, activity changes, and regular follow-up.

Improving comfort can help children participate more confidently in school, exercise, and other activities. Because children grow quickly, orthotics should be checked regularly for fit and effectiveness. If your child has foot pain from this or any other foot or ankle condition, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist who can determine if orthotics can provide the relief that is sought.

If you are having discomfort in your feet and would like to try orthotics, contact Zina Cappiello, DPM from Dr. Zina B. Cappiello DPM, LLC. Our podiatrist can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

What Are Orthotics?

Orthotics are inserts you can place into your shoes to help with a variety of foot problems such as flat feet or foot pain. Orthotics provide relief and comfort for minor foot and heel pain but can’t correct serious biomechanical problems in your feet.

Over-the-Counter Inserts

Orthotics come in a wide variety of over-the-counter inserts that are used to treat foot pain, heel pain, and minor problems. For example, arch supports can be inserted into your shoes to help correct overarched or flat feet, while gel insoles are often used because they provide comfort and relief from foot and heel pain by alleviating pressure.

Prescription Orthotics

If over-the-counter inserts don’t work for you or if you have a more severe foot concern, it is possible to have your podiatrist prescribe custom orthotics. These high-quality inserts are designed to treat problems such as abnormal motion, plantar fasciitis, and severe forms of heel pain. They can even be used to help patients suffering from diabetes by treating foot ulcers and painful calluses and are usually molded to your feet individually, which allows them to provide full support and comfort.

If you are experiencing minor to severe foot or heel pain, it’s recommended to speak with your podiatrist about the possibilities of using orthotics. A podiatrist can determine which type of orthotic is right for you and allow you to take the first steps towards being pain-free.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Clifton, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Runner's toe develops when a toenail repeatedly strikes the inside of a shoe. The pressure and friction can damage tiny blood vessels beneath the nail, causing blood to collect. The nail can look red, purple, or black. Pain, swelling, and pressure can also develop. The problem usually affects the big toe or second toe because one is often the longest. Long-distance running raises the risk, especially on downhill routes. Shoes that are too short, narrow, or loose can allow repeated contact with the toe. A long toe or changes in foot structure can add to the problem.

The injured nail can loosen, separate from the skin beneath it, or eventually fall off. A new toenail generally grows, but this process can take several months. Repeated injuries can cause the nail to become thick or misshapen. A dark toenail does not always indicate runner's toe. Fungal infections and other health concerns can cause similar changes. A podiatrist can examine the nail and determine why it has changed color. The evaluation includes questions about running habits, shoe fit, and recent injuries. The podiatrist can also check for infection or damage to the tissue that produces the nail. Severe pain or a dark mark that does not move as the nail grows deserves prompt attention.

Treatment depends on the injury and the amount of pressure beneath the nail. A podiatrist can safely drain trapped blood to reduce pain. The doctor can trim or remove a damaged nail and protect the sensitive skin below it. The podiatrist can also assess toe length, foot shape, and running motion to identify sources of pressure. Guidance can include choosing properly-fitted running shoes with enough toe room. It can also address lacing methods and suitable socks. These changes can reduce sliding and rubbing inside the shoe. If you have developed runner's toe, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for effective relief, treatment, and prevention tips.

Toe pain can disrupt your daily activities. If you have any concerns, contact Zina Cappiello, DPM of Dr. Zina B. Cappiello DPM, LLC. Our podiatrist can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

What Causes Toe Pain?

Most severe toe pain is caused due to a sports injury, trauma from dropping something heavy on the toe, or bumping into something rigid. Other problems can develop over time for various reasons.

Toe pain can be caused by one or more ailments. The most common include:

• Trauma
• Sports injury
• Wearing shoes that are too tight
• Arthritis
• Gout
• Corns and calluses
• Hammertoe
• Bunions
• Blisters
• Ingrown toenails
• Sprains
• Fractures (broken bones)
• Dislocations

When to See a Podiatrist

• Severe pain
• Persistent pain that lasts more than a week
• Signs of infection
• Continued swelling
• Pain that prevents walking

Diagnosis

In many cases the cause of toe pain is obvious, but in others, a podiatrist may want to use more advanced methods to determine the problem. These can range from simple visual inspections and sensation tests to X-rays and MRI scans. Prior medical history, family medical history, and any recent physical traumatic events will all be taken into consideration for a proper diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatments for toe pain and injuries vary and may include shoe inserts, padding, taping, medicines, injections, and in some cases, surgery. If you believe that you have broken a toe, please see a podiatrist as soon as possible.

If you have any questions please contact our office located in Clifton, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

The Achilles tendon is a band of tissue that connects the calf muscles to the heel bone. It helps move the foot while taking a step, running, or jumping. Despite its strength, the tendon can rupture when it is exposed to sudden, powerful force. Achilles tendon ruptures occur in high-impact sports like football, basketball, and soccer. Athletes in their 30s and 40s can face greater risk because the tendon tissue can weaken with age while they remain active in demanding sports.

An Achilles tendon rupture can happen without warning. A sudden change in direction, awkward landing, or forceful push from the foot can place stress on the tendon. Some people have tissue changes before the injury but experience no previous pain. A rupture can leave the tendon disconnected, reducing the ability of the calf muscle to move the foot. Recovery can be lengthy because the tendon and surrounding tissues need time to heal and regain strength. Treatment can involve surgery or a nonsurgical approach, depending on the injury and the patient's activity goals.

A podiatrist can evaluate Achilles tendon pain or a suspected rupture and determine the extent of the injury. The examination can assess movement, strength, and the connection between the calf and heel. Treatment can protect the injured tendon while it heals and help restore function. A podiatrist can also discuss ways to reduce injury risk, including choosing shoes that provide proper support and are appropriate for the activity. Returning to sports requires careful planning because recovery from a rupture can take many months. If you have injured your Achilles tendon, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for effective relief and treatment solutions. 

Achilles tendon injuries need immediate attention to avoid future complications. If you have any concerns, contact Zina Cappiello, DPM of Dr. Zina B. Cappiello DPM, LLC. Our podiatrist can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

What Is the Achilles Tendon?

The Achilles tendon is a tendon that connects the lower leg muscles and calf to the heel of the foot. It is the strongest tendon in the human body and is essential for making movement possible. Because this tendon is such an integral part of the body, any injuries to it can create immense difficulties and should immediately be presented to a doctor.

What Are the Symptoms of an Achilles Tendon Injury?

There are various types of injuries that can affect the Achilles tendon. The two most common injuries are Achilles tendinitis and ruptures of the tendon.

Achilles Tendinitis Symptoms

• Inflammation
• Dull to severe pain
• Increased blood flow to the tendon
• Thickening of the tendon

Rupture Symptoms

• Extreme pain and swelling in the foot
• Total immobility

Treatment and Prevention

Achilles tendon injuries are diagnosed by a thorough physical evaluation, which can include an MRI. Treatment involves rest, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery. However, various preventative measures can be taken to avoid these injuries, such as:

• Thorough stretching of the tendon before and after exercise
• Strengthening exercises like calf raises, squats, leg curls, leg extensions, leg raises, lunges, and leg presses

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our office located in Clifton, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic tools and technology to treat your foot and ankle needs.

Foot mobility refers to the ability of the feet to move freely and efficiently through a full range of motion. The feet serve as the foundation of the body, supporting weight distribution, absorbing shock, and assisting with movement. Proper mobility allows the muscles and joints in the feet to function in coordination during daily activities. When mobility is limited, it can affect posture, balance, and overall alignment. Understanding the role of foot function is essential for maintaining stability and reducing strain throughout the body.

During walking, the feet move through a structured gait cycle that includes the stance phase and the swing phase. The stance phase occurs when the foot is in contact with the ground and is responsible for weight bearing and shock absorption. The swing phase follows as the foot lifts and moves forward to prepare for the next step. Efficient muscle activation during these phases ensures smooth movement and proper force distribution. When foot mobility is reduced, this cycle becomes less efficient, increasing stress on the ankles, knees, and hips.

Common symptoms of poor foot mobility include stiffness, discomfort, and reduced flexibility. Individuals may notice instability when walking or standing, along with a decrease in balance. Risk factors include improper footwear, lack of strengthening exercises, and repetitive stress from daily activities. Strengthening the feet can improve muscle activation and restore natural movement patterns.

Simple foot exercises can help improve foot mobility and strength. Toe curls are performed by gripping the floor with the toes and holding briefly before releasing. Toe raises involve lifting the toes upward while keeping the heel and ball of the foot grounded. Toe spreading focuses on widening the toes apart to improve control and flexibility. Performing these exercises regularly can support proper function and reduce strain. If you have foot pain, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist for an accurate diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and guidance on additional foot stretches and exercises.

Exercising your feet regularly with the proper foot wear is a great way to prevent injuries and build strength. If you have any concerns about your feet, contact Zina Cappiello, DPM from Dr. Zina B. Cappiello DPM, LLC. Our podiatrist can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Exercise for Your Feet

Exercise for your feet can help you gain strength, mobility and flexibility in your feet. They say that strengthening your feet can be just as rewarding as strengthening another part of the body. Your feet are very important, and we often forget about them in our daily tasks. But it is because of our feet that are we able to get going and do what we need to. For those of us fortunate enough to not have any foot problems, it is an important gesture to take care of them to ensure good health in the long run.

Some foot health exercises can include ankle pumps, tip-toeing, toe rises, lifting off the floor doing reps and sets, and flexing the toes. It is best to speak with Our podiatrist to determine an appropriate regimen for your needs. Everyone’s needs and bodies are different, and the activities required to maintain strength in the feet vary from individual to individual. 

Once you get into a routine of doing regular exercise, you may notice a difference in your feet and how strong they may become.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Clifton, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.